(Ee.1) Rights are those behaviors
of individuals with a society permitted by the code of
ethics of that society, typically enumerated in
the code of laws within that ssociety and commonly
enforced by the agent or agency of authority that
manages that society.
(Ee.1.1) Rights are the ultimate
expression of emotions. As such, all rights
are the creation of the society and its individual members. No natural
rights are granted by the laws of nature.
(Ee.1.2) No rights are absolute and
may change as the ethics of the society change.
The right of slave ownership is an example.
(Ee.1.3) Rights of individuals may be
taken from individuals only in keeping with the ethics of the
society. As an example, the right to life of individuals in some societies
may be taken away as punishment for the unacceptable behavior
of killing another member of the society. That is, rights may
exist in a hierarchy of rights.
(Ee.1.4) Rights may be extended
to subgroups within a society. Examples include the right of a
subgroup to practice their religion, the right of a subgroup to assembly and
protest against the agent or agency of authority or
the actions of another subgroup within the society.
(Ee.2) The individual has no right to deny the rights
of others or the rights of ethical or legal authority
but they may or may not have the right to protest against those rights.
(Ee.3) Justice is both the application and protection of
right of individuals by the agent and/or agents of authority.
That is justice is the practice of application of the ethics of
a society to individuals within the society. As such justice
requires that ethical standards be equally
applied to all individuals within a society subject to
them without emotional considerations being taken into
account. That does not mean the justice is the same for each
individual, only that it is applied equally to those subject to
the specific ethics and laws applicable to
them. As an example, felons may not be granted the right by law to
possess firearms or vote.
(Ee.3.1) The application of justice is
subject to abuse at the hands of agents and/or agencies of
authority.
(Ee.3.2) The application of justice may
be sway by the emotions of subgroups within a society.
As an example, juries acting as an agency of authority to decide
guilt or innocence may be influenced by emotions expressed in
public opinions.
(Ee.3.3) Those with authority and
responsibility to administer justice do not always do so. Our
penal institutions are awash with judges, law officials and politicians who
have abused their authority to administer justice.
The People's Court of Nazi German decided guilty and punish of the accused on
an individual basis with complete disregard for equal justice.
(Ee) Rights are those behaviors of individuals within a society permitted by the code of ethics of that society, typically enumerated in the code of laws within that society and commonly enforced by the agent or agency of authority that manages that society. No rights are absolute and may change as the ethics of the society change.